2025约翰洛克题目出炉！今年最意想不到的命题竟然是…

｜PHILOSOPHY

1、我们对在世者有哪些不适用于未来人的道德义务？你的答案对政策制定有何启示？  

What moral obligations do we owe to living persons that we do not owe to future persons? What are the implications of your answer for policy-making?  

2、善待非人类动物是因为它们拥有权利、利益、两者皆无，还是两者兼具？  

Should we treat non-human animals well because they have rights, interests, neither, or both?  

3、"当平民成为主要攻击目标时，无需考虑其动机。这就是恐怖主义，是邪恶的。" 此观点是否正确？  

"When civilians are the main target, there's no need to consider the cause. That's terrorism; it's evil." Is this correct?  

｜POLITICS

1、政治家是否应该因撒谎而受到惩罚？ 

Should politicians ever be punished for lying?  

2、大卫·休谟曾赞扬"未受教育者"的智慧。在民主制度中，是"未受教育者"的投票更可能保护国家免受"受教育者"的坏思想影响，还是相反？  

David Hume celebrated the wisdom of "unlettered men". In a democracy, do the votes of the unlettered tend to protect a country against the bad ideas of the lettered or do the votes of the lettered tend to protect a country against the bad ideas of the unlettered?  

3、多样性是潮流，但它有价值吗？  

Diversity is fashionable, but is it valuable?  

｜ECONOMICS

1、逐利行为会催生哪些类型的行为？总体而言，这类行为与慈善或政府全资企业下的预期行为相比，是更好还是更糟？  

What kinds of behaviour are engendered by the hope of profit? Is such behaviour better or worse, on balance, than the behaviour we should expect if all enterprises were owned by charities or governments?  

2、英国政府对学费征收增值税的计划将如何影响社会阶层流动性？  

What will be the effect on socio-economic mobility of the UK government's plan to impose value added tax on school fees?

3、牛津大学是否应该降低对慷慨捐助者子女的录取标准？

Should Oxford lower its admissions standards for the sons and daughters of generous benefactors?  

｜HISTORY

1、伯特兰·罗素认为："希特勒是卢梭的产物，罗斯福和丘吉尔则是洛克的产物。" 此论断在多大程度上正确？   

According to Bertrand Russell, "Hitler is an outcome of Rousseau; Roosevelt and Churchill of Locke." To what extent was he correct?  

2、人们是否应为本国历史感到羞耻？又是否应为之自豪？  

Should anyone be ashamed of their nation's history? Should anyone be proud of it?  

3、哪位历史人物对人类自由的扩展贡献最大？  

Which figure in history did most to enlarge human freedom?  

｜LAW

1、为保护私有财产，应允许个人对他人造成何种程度的伤害？    

What injury should one person be permitted to inflict on another in the defence of private property?  

2、 "若按功过待人，谁能免于鞭刑？" 法律是否应该以比应得更宽容的方式对待违法者？  

“Use every man after his desert, and who should ’scape whipping?” Should the law treat offenders better than they deserve?  

3、弗拉基米尔·普京是战争罪犯吗？

Is Vladimir Putin a war criminal?  

｜PSYCHOLOGY

1、客观性是否完全是一种观念？

Is objectivity all in the mind?  

2、埃莉诺·罗斯福曾说：“未经你的同意，没人能让你感到自卑。” 她的观点正确吗？

Eleanor Roosevelt declared, "No one can make you feel inferior without your consent." Is she right?  

3、什么是自我欺骗？  

What is self-deceit?  

｜THEOLOGY

1、无神论是否缺乏可信度？    

 Is atheism implausible?  

2、一个创造了万亿星系的造物主，为何会因你与男友发生关系或早餐吃培根而愤怒？  

Why would the creator of a trillion galaxies become angry if you have sex with your boyfriend or eat bacon for breakfast?   

3、为何要祈祷？

Why pray?  

｜JUNIOR PRIZE

1、你的出生国籍并不由自己决定。如果能自主选择，你会选哪国公民身份？   

Your citizenship at birth was chosen for you. Which citizenship would you have chosen?  

2、你从自己的言论自由中受益更多，还是从他人的言论自由中受益更多？ 

Do you benefit more from your own freedom of speech or from other people’s?  

3、谁更强大——唐纳德·特朗普还是埃隆·马斯克？  

Who is more powerful - Donald Trump or Elon Musk?  

4、自1920年以来，九个国家有21位总统/总理毕业于牛津大学PPE专业（哲学、政治与经济学）。若他们当年学的是历史，会更好吗？ 

Since 1920, twenty-one presidents and prime ministers from nine countries have been graduates of Philosophy, Politics & Economics (PPE) at Oxford. Would it have been better if they had studied history?  

5、别人赚来的东西，你觉得自己应该分到多少（你的公平份额是多少）？

What is your fair share of what someone else has earned?  

6、为什么你明知对自己不好，却仍然过度使用智能手机？

Why do you continue to use your smartphone more than is good for you?  

7、人们为何随着年龄增长变得越发乏味？

Why do people become more boring as they grow up and grow older?