以“上帝视角”观察深圳疫情|PBL项目式学习
著名律师、投资人查理·芒格曾说:“大多数人只试图用一种方法来解决所有问题。而实际上,你必须知道重要学科的重要原理并经常使用它们,要全部用上,而不是只用几种。当把不同领域、不同学科的思维模型用来解决同一个问题时,你还会发现,自己会更深刻地理解不同思维模型的适用条件。”
The famous lawyer and investor Charlie Munger once said: "Most people try to solve all problems in one way. In fact, you must know the important principles of important disciplines and use them regularly. You need to use all of them instead of using just some of them. When you use mental models from different fields and disciplines to solve the same problem, you will also find that you have a deeper understanding of the applicable conditions of different mental models.”
这种方法也可以用在学习上,当学科之间的壁垒被打破,当书本知识应用于现实生活,知识也就不再是零碎的知识点,而是灵活成体系的、相互关联的一条条脉络。
This method can also be used in study. When the barriers between disciplines are broken, when knowledge from books is applied to real life, knowledge is no longer fragmented knowledge points, but a systematic and interrelated knowledge net.
| CanTech小组网课截图
Screenshot of CanTech
team online class
—
随着深圳第五轮疫情的爆发,深国预的同学们从在校学习转向线上课堂。同时,他们和蹲点卫健委公众号更新的大多数市民一样,密切关注着我们这个生病的城市。
With the outbreak of the fifth round of the pandemic in Shenzhen, the students of SIFC have shifted from on-campus study to online classes. At the same time, like most of the citizens who are waiting for the official WeChat account of Shenzhen Health Commission, they are paying close attention to our “sick” city.
于是,由G9 Dafang Bi和Cynthia Lai、G10 Tristan Nie组成的CanTech小组运用人文地理(Human Geography)中的分布(Distribution)与扩散(Diffusion)的知识,基于深圳的疫情地图,开启了对深圳疫情发展情况的项目研究。
The CanTech team composed of Dafang Bi and Cynthia Lai from grade 9, and Tristan Nie from grade 10 used the knowledge of Distribution and Diffusion from Human Geography to start a project to study the development of the Covid-19 pandemic in Shenzhen.
Distribution &
Diffusion
| 分布与扩散的知识
Distribution and Diffusion
他们通过收集卫健委发布的官方数据、研究封控区域的建筑与产业特征、标注并绘制互动地图、整合信息等,历时两周,总结出深圳2月疫情的三个主要特征:
After two weeks of collecting official data released by the Shenzhen Health Commission, studying the characteristics of buildings and industries in the area under closed control, marking and drawing interactive maps, and integrating information, etc, they summarized three main characteristics of the Covid-19 pandemic in Shenzhen since February:
1
确诊数整体是上升的,而且是以更快的速度上升。可以推测,如果控制不当,这仅仅是开始,疫情还会继续发展。
The number of confirmed diagnoses is on the rise as a whole and at a faster rate. It can be speculated that if it is not properly controlled, this will just be the beginning and the pandemic will continue to develop.
2
从确诊和封控的区域分布来看,多是集中在罗湖、福田及南山与香港接壤的关口附近,例如东门、笋岗区域,上下沙及益田村,以及蛇口片区。或者与其接壤的主干道附近的居住区,如与福田接壤的坂田街道与民治街道。
Judging from the regional distribution of confirmed diagnoses and lockdowns, the confirmed cases mostly concentrate in Luohu, Futian and Nanshan district near the border with Hong Kong, such as Dongmen and Sungang areas, Shangsha,Xiasha and Yitian villages, and Shekou area. They also concentrate in the residential area around the main road near the border with Hong Kong , such as Bantian Street and Minzhi Street bordering Futian.
3
从封控区域的用途及建筑风格来看,多是城中村或工业区,二月后期开始出现高层居住小区的确诊案例。推测原因,这可能与城中村人口密度高、空气流通差,以及存在多个出入口、封闭式管理困难等原因相关。也可能是从疫情较严重的香港入境深圳的人员多在城中村中有原有的社会关系。
Judging from the purpose and architectural style of the areas that are under control, most of them are urban villages or industrial areas. Confirmed cases in high-rise residential areas began to appear in late February. It is speculated that this may be related to the high population density of urban villages, poor air circulation, the existence of multiple entrances and exits, and the difficulty of closed management. It may also be that most of the people entering Shenzhen from Hong Kong where the pandemic is more severe have social relationships in urban villages.
| 同学们绘制的确诊统计图
The diagnosis statistics chart
drawn by the students
CanTech小组的Dafang Bi同学虽然只有9年级,却对自己优劣势以及项目整体都有着清晰的把握。
Although Dafang Bi from the CanTech group is only in grade 9, Dafang has a clear grasp of Dafang’s strengths and weaknesses, and the overall project.
Dafang复盘了项目进展以及自己的表现,分享了一些心得:“虽然我们是团队合作,但个人的工作也非常关键,如果每个人都做好自己的分工,将会有整体大于部分之和的效果。我认为自己在标注及绘制地图这部分完成得最好,这项工作要求我们必须客观、理性,我们不仅还原事实,也进得以一步了解我们的城市。同时,这个项目也反映了我在总结和写报告中的不足,这是我后续需要努力改善的方向。”
Dafang reflected on the progress of the project and Dafang’s own performance, and shared some insights: "Although there’s a lot of teamwork, the work of individuals is also very important. If everyone does well on their own work, put together, the result will be greater than the sum of its parts. I think I have done the best in labeling and drawing maps. This work requires us to be objective and rational. We not only looked at the facts, but also understood our city better. At the same time, this project also reflects my shortcomings in summarizing and writing reports, which is something I need to improve in the future."
| 项目报告截图
Screenshot of project report
Lit Liao是这次项目的指导老师,她认为几位学生在这次项目研究中整体表现不错。他们克服了重重困难,并学会了通过绘制地图来寻找规律、推测来源与发展趋势等,并更加深入地了解自身所处的地理环境。更重要的是,他们强化了自己的批判性思维和归纳总结的能力。
Teacher Lit Liao is the instructor of this project. She thinks that the team members have performed well in this project. They overcame many difficulties and learned to draw maps to find patterns, and speculate sources and trends. They gained a deeper understanding of their geographic environment. More importantly, they strengthened their critical thinking and generalization skills.
“同学在过程中会遇到共同绘制地图的任务,因为使用的是国外的地图绘制工具,所以地名的标注是英文,无法与中文地名一一对应。同学需要对照百度地图的地形,通过相对的位置关系来准确定位,例如羊台山、深圳水库、蛇口半岛等。另一个困难是具体楼栋标注的难度,封控的区域很多是楼栋密集的城中村中某一两栋楼,利用线上地图系统根本无法确定是哪一栋楼。有时我们只能通过多个商家上传的该位置的资料进行推断,才能保证相对准确。在这个过程中,学生体会到基层工作者的工作难度。”
"Students had to do the task of jointly drawing maps during the project. Foreign map drawing tools were used, which means the labels of place names are in English and cannot correspond one-to-one with Chinese place names. So students had to compare with Baidu map (a Chinese digital map) and accurately locate the landmarks of places such as Yangtai Mountain, Shenzhen Reservoir, and Shekou Peninsula, etc. Another challenge is the difficulty of labeling specific buildings. Many of the sealed and controlled areas are one or two buildings in densely populated urban villages. The map system cannot determine which building it is at all. Sometimes we could only infer the location based on the data uploaded by multiple businesses to ensure relative accuracy. During this process, the students realized the difficulty of the work of frontline workers."
“地图标注其实是个十分繁复的工作,即使我们没有真正地用脚丈量我们的城市,对众多数据进行处理再呈现,对学生来说仍然是充满挑战的。学生还是一点点地完成了,并且也能够在这个基础之上,总结出新的认知——疫情爆发多出现在城中村等较难管理的地区,以及集中在通港口岸的附近。这样的结论正是教学的目标,至此,他们不再是对新闻内容照单全收的接收者,而是具备批判性思维的独立个体。”
‘The work of map labeling is actually a very complicated work. Even though we didn’t really do the ground work of going out and measuring the city with our feet, processing and presenting large amounts of data is still a big challenge for our students. Nevertheless, they still took the challenge and completed it in two weeks. They also got great results from the project. After the research, they came to the conclusion that the outbreak was mainly concentrated in urban villages that are hard to manage and areas in the vicinity of ports. The ability to come to their own conclusions after careful research is the goal of our classes. After this, they are no longer only on the receiving end of information fed by the media, but also independent individuals who can think critically and make their own judgement.”
“
| Cantech小组研究结论
Research conclusions of Cantech Team
我们未来生活的社会将是一个越来越复杂的系统,理解、掌握复杂系统的思维方式就变得尤为重要。我们在学校所学的地理、经济、历史等人文学科,都要为我们所用,成为构建我们多元思维模型的重要基石。
The society we live in in the future will be an increasingly complex system, and the ability to think, understand and master the complex system becomes particularly important. This requires us to utilize and synthesize all the subjects that we have learned in school and put them in practice.
我们真正要掌握的不是学科本身,而是总结出掌握这些学科知识所要具备的思维方式。深国预希望,同学们关注的不仅仅是“更多的学科知识”,而是“更立体的思维方式”。
What we really want to master is not just the subject knowledge we have acquired, but also the way of thinking that help us sum up knowledge. We hope that the students will not only pay attention to "more subject knowledge", but "more three-dimensional way of thinking".
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